Vitalik Buterin's website https://vitalik.ca/ Vitalik Buterin's website http://vitalik.ca/images/icon.png Vitalik Buterin's website https://vitalik.ca/ Two thought experiments to evaluate automated stablecoins https://vitalik.ca/general/2022/05/25/stable.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2022/05/25/stable.html Wed, 25 May 2022 00:00:00 +0000 In Defense of Bitcoin Maximalism https://vitalik.ca/general/2022/04/01/maximalist.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2022/04/01/maximalist.html Fri, 01 Apr 2022 00:00:00 +0000 The roads not taken https://vitalik.ca/general/2022/03/29/road.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2022/03/29/road.html Tue, 29 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +0000 How do trusted setups work? https://vitalik.ca/general/2022/03/14/trustedsetup.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2022/03/14/trustedsetup.html Mon, 14 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +0000 Encapsulated vs systemic complexity in protocol design https://vitalik.ca/general/2022/02/28/complexity.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2022/02/28/complexity.html Mon, 28 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0000 Soulbound https://vitalik.ca/general/2022/01/26/soulbound.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2022/01/26/soulbound.html Wed, 26 Jan 2022 00:00:00 +0000 The bulldozer vs vetocracy political axis https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/12/19/bullveto.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/12/19/bullveto.html Sun, 19 Dec 2021 00:00:00 +0000 Endgame https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/12/06/endgame.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/12/06/endgame.html Mon, 06 Dec 2021 00:00:00 +0000 Review of Optimism retro funding round 1 https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/11/16/retro1.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/11/16/retro1.html Tue, 16 Nov 2021 00:00:00 +0000 Halo and more: exploring incremental verification and SNARKs without pairings https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/11/05/halo.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/11/05/halo.html Fri, 05 Nov 2021 00:00:00 +0000 Crypto Cities https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/10/31/cities.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/10/31/cities.html Sun, 31 Oct 2021 00:00:00 +0000 On Nathan Schneider on the limits of cryptoeconomics https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/09/26/limits.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/09/26/limits.html Sun, 26 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0000 Alternatives to selling at below-market-clearing prices for achieving fairness (or community sentiment, or fun) https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/08/22/prices.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/08/22/prices.html Sun, 22 Aug 2021 00:00:00 +0000 Moving beyond coin voting governance https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/08/16/voting3.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/08/16/voting3.html Mon, 16 Aug 2021 00:00:00 +0000 Against overuse of the Gini coefficient https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/07/29/gini.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/07/29/gini.html Thu, 29 Jul 2021 00:00:00 +0000 Verkle trees https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/06/18/verkle.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/06/18/verkle.html Fri, 18 Jun 2021 00:00:00 +0000 Blockchain voting is overrated among uninformed people but underrated among informed people https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/05/25/voting2.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/05/25/voting2.html Tue, 25 May 2021 00:00:00 +0000 The Limits to Blockchain Scalability https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/05/23/scaling.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/05/23/scaling.html Sun, 23 May 2021 00:00:00 +0000 Why sharding is great: demystifying the technical properties https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/04/07/sharding.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/04/07/sharding.html Wed, 07 Apr 2021 00:00:00 +0000 Gitcoin Grants Round 9: The Next Phase of Growth https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/04/02/round9.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/04/02/round9.html Fri, 02 Apr 2021 00:00:00 +0000 The Most Important Scarce Resource is Legitimacy https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/03/23/legitimacy.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/03/23/legitimacy.html Tue, 23 Mar 2021 00:00:00 +0000 Prediction Markets: Tales from the Election https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/02/18/election.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/02/18/election.html Thu, 18 Feb 2021 00:00:00 +0000 An approximate introduction to how zk-SNARKs are possible https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/01/26/snarks.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/01/26/snarks.html Tue, 26 Jan 2021 00:00:00 +0000 Why we need wide adoption of social recovery wallets https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/01/11/recovery.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/01/11/recovery.html Mon, 11 Jan 2021 00:00:00 +0000 An Incomplete Guide to Rollups https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/01/05/rollup.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/01/05/rollup.html Tue, 05 Jan 2021 00:00:00 +0000 Endnotes on 2020: Crypto and Beyond https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/12/28/endnotes.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/12/28/endnotes.html Mon, 28 Dec 2020 00:00:00 +0000 Convex and Concave Dispositions https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/11/08/concave.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/11/08/concave.html Sun, 08 Nov 2020 00:00:00 +0000 為什麼權益證明棒棒的（2020 年十一月） https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/11/06/pos2020_zhTW.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/11/06/pos2020_zhTW.html Fri, 06 Nov 2020 00:00:00 +0000 Why Proof of Stake (Nov 2020) https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/11/06/pos2020.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/11/06/pos2020.html Fri, 06 Nov 2020 00:00:00 +0000 Gitcoin Grants Round 7 Retrospective https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/10/18/round7.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/10/18/round7.html Sun, 18 Oct 2020 00:00:00 +0000 7ème tour des subventions Gitcoin - Rétrospective https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/10/18/round7_FR.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/10/18/round7_FR.html Sun, 18 Oct 2020 00:00:00 +0000 Coordination, Good and Bad https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/09/11/coordination.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/09/11/coordination.html Fri, 11 Sep 2020 00:00:00 +0000 Trust Models https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/08/20/trust.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/08/20/trust.html Thu, 20 Aug 2020 00:00:00 +0000 A Philosophy of Blockchain Validation https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/08/17/philosophy.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/08/17/philosophy.html Mon, 17 Aug 2020 00:00:00 +0000 Gitcoin Grants Round 6 Retrospective https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/07/22/round6.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/07/22/round6.html Wed, 22 Jul 2020 00:00:00 +0000 Exploring Fully Homomorphic Encryption https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/07/20/homomorphic.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/07/20/homomorphic.html Mon, 20 Jul 2020 00:00:00 +0000 Gitcoin Grants Round 5 Retrospective https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/04/30/round5.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/04/30/round5.html Thu, 30 Apr 2020 00:00:00 +0000 A Quick Garbled Circuits Primer https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/03/21/garbled.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/03/21/garbled.html Sat, 21 Mar 2020 00:00:00 +0000 預測市場：一個選舉小故事（2021年 二月） https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/02/18/election_zhTW.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/02/18/election_zhTW.html Tue, 18 Feb 2020 00:00:00 +0000 Review of Gitcoin Quadratic Funding Round 4 https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/01/28/round4.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2020/01/28/round4.html Tue, 28 Jan 2020 00:00:00 +0000 Base Layers And Functionality Escape Velocity https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/12/26/mvb.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/12/26/mvb.html Thu, 26 Dec 2019 00:00:00 +0000 Christmas Special https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/12/24/christmas.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/12/24/christmas.html Tue, 24 Dec 2019 00:00:00 +0000 Quadratic Payments: A Primer https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/12/07/quadratic.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/12/07/quadratic.html Sat, 07 Dec 2019 00:00:00 +0000 Hard Problems in Cryptocurrency: Five Years Later https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/11/22/progress.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/11/22/progress.html Fri, 22 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000 Review of Gitcoin Quadratic Funding Round 3 https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/10/24/gitcoin.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/10/24/gitcoin.html Thu, 24 Oct 2019 00:00:00 +0000 In-person meatspace protocol to prove unconditional possession of a private key https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/10/01/story.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/10/01/story.html Tue, 01 Oct 2019 00:00:00 +0000 Understanding PLONK https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/09/22/plonk.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/09/22/plonk.html Sun, 22 Sep 2019 00:00:00 +0000 The Dawn of Hybrid Layer 2 Protocols https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/08/28/hybrid_layer_2.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/08/28/hybrid_layer_2.html Wed, 28 Aug 2019 00:00:00 +0000 Sidechains vs Plasma vs Sharding https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/06/12/plasma_vs_sharding.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/06/12/plasma_vs_sharding.html Wed, 12 Jun 2019 00:00:00 +0000 Fast Fourier Transforms https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/05/12/fft.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/05/12/fft.html Sun, 12 May 2019 00:00:00 +0000 Control as Liability https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/05/09/control_as_liability.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/05/09/control_as_liability.html Thu, 09 May 2019 00:00:00 +0000 On Free Speech https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/04/16/free_speech.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/04/16/free_speech.html Tue, 16 Apr 2019 00:00:00 +0000 On Collusion https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/04/03/collusion.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/04/03/collusion.html Wed, 03 Apr 2019 00:00:00 +0000 [Mirror] Cantor was Wrong: debunking the infinite set hierarchy https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/04/01/cantor.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2019/04/01/cantor.html Mon, 01 Apr 2019 00:00:00 +0000 A CBC Casper Tutorial https://vitalik.ca/general/2018/12/05/cbc_casper.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2018/12/05/cbc_casper.html Wed, 05 Dec 2018 00:00:00 +0000 [Mirror] Central Planning as Overfitting https://vitalik.ca/general/2018/11/25/central_planning.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2018/11/25/central_planning.html Sun, 25 Nov 2018 00:00:00 +0000 Layer 1 Should Be Innovative in the Short Term but Less in the Long Term https://vitalik.ca/general/2018/08/26/layer_1.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2018/08/26/layer_1.html Sun, 26 Aug 2018 00:00:00 +0000 A Guide to 99% Fault Tolerant Consensus https://vitalik.ca/general/2018/08/07/99_fault_tolerant.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2018/08/07/99_fault_tolerant.html Tue, 07 Aug 2018 00:00:00 +0000 STARKs, Part 3: Into the Weeds https://vitalik.ca/general/2018/07/21/starks_part_3.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2018/07/21/starks_part_3.html Sat, 21 Jul 2018 00:00:00 +0000 On Radical Markets https://vitalik.ca/general/2018/04/20/radical_markets.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2018/04/20/radical_markets.html Fri, 20 Apr 2018 00:00:00 +0000 Governance, Part 2: Plutocracy Is Still Bad https://vitalik.ca/general/2018/03/28/plutocracy.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2018/03/28/plutocracy.html Wed, 28 Mar 2018 00:00:00 +0000 Proof of Stake FAQ https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/12/31/pos_faq.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/12/31/pos_faq.html Sun, 31 Dec 2017 00:00:00 +0000 Sharding FAQ https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/12/31/sharding_faq.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/12/31/sharding_faq.html Sun, 31 Dec 2017 00:00:00 +0000 Notes on Blockchain Governance https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/12/17/voting.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/12/17/voting.html Sun, 17 Dec 2017 00:00:00 +0000 A Quick Gasprice Market Analysis https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/12/14/gas_analysis.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/12/14/gas_analysis.html Thu, 14 Dec 2017 00:00:00 +0000 STARKs, Part II: Thank Goodness It's FRI-day https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/11/22/starks_part_2.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/11/22/starks_part_2.html Wed, 22 Nov 2017 00:00:00 +0000 STARKs, Part I: Proofs with Polynomials https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/11/09/starks_part_1.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/11/09/starks_part_1.html Thu, 09 Nov 2017 00:00:00 +0000 On Medium-of-Exchange Token Valuations https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/10/17/moe.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/10/17/moe.html Tue, 17 Oct 2017 00:00:00 +0000 A Prehistory of the Ethereum Protocol https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/09/14/prehistory.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/09/14/prehistory.html Thu, 14 Sep 2017 00:00:00 +0000 A Note on Metcalfe's Law, Externalities and Ecosystem Splits https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/07/27/metcalfe.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/07/27/metcalfe.html Thu, 27 Jul 2017 00:00:00 +0000 The Triangle of Harm https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/07/16/triangle_of_harm.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/07/16/triangle_of_harm.html Sun, 16 Jul 2017 00:00:00 +0000 On Path Independence https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/06/22/marketmakers.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/06/22/marketmakers.html Thu, 22 Jun 2017 00:00:00 +0000 Analyzing Token Sale Models https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/06/09/sales.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/06/09/sales.html Fri, 09 Jun 2017 00:00:00 +0000 Engineering Security Through Coordination Problems https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/05/08/coordination_problems.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/05/08/coordination_problems.html Mon, 08 May 2017 00:00:00 +0000 Hard Forks, Soft Forks, Defaults and Coercion https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/03/14/forks_and_markets.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/03/14/forks_and_markets.html Tue, 14 Mar 2017 00:00:00 +0000 A Note On Charity Through Marginal Price Discrimination https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/03/11/a_note_on_charity.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/03/11/a_note_on_charity.html Sat, 11 Mar 2017 00:00:00 +0000 [Mirror] Zk-SNARKs: Under the Hood https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/02/01/zk_snarks.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/02/01/zk_snarks.html Wed, 01 Feb 2017 00:00:00 +0000 [Mirror] Exploring Elliptic Curve Pairings https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/01/14/exploring_ecp.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/01/14/exploring_ecp.html Sat, 14 Jan 2017 00:00:00 +0000 [Mirror] A Proof of Stake Design Philosophy https://vitalik.ca/general/2016/12/29/pos_design.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2016/12/29/pos_design.html Thu, 29 Dec 2016 00:00:00 +0000 [Mirror] Quadratic Arithmetic Programs: from Zero to Hero https://vitalik.ca/general/2016/12/10/qap.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2016/12/10/qap.html Sat, 10 Dec 2016 00:00:00 +0000 Na colusão https://vitalik.ca/general/2000/01/01/On_Collusion_Portuguese.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2000/01/01/On_Collusion_Portuguese.html Sat, 01 Jan 2000 00:00:00 +0000 Zmowa https://vitalik.ca/general/2000/01/01/On_Collusion_Polish.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2000/01/01/On_Collusion_Polish.html Sat, 01 Jan 2000 00:00:00 +0000 Über Kollusion https://vitalik.ca/general/2000/01/01/On_Collusion_DE.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2000/01/01/On_Collusion_DE.html Sat, 01 Jan 2000 00:00:00 +0000 Situazioni di collusione https://vitalik.ca/general/2000/01/01/On_Collusion_IT.html https://vitalik.ca/general/2000/01/01/On_Collusion_IT.html Sat, 01 Jan 2000 00:00:00 +0000